tljr jeäu msßila t,a,d ueÍug kshu l, t;sydisl ;Skaÿjg mdoljQ ñkSuereu fufia isÿúh tl
ñkS uereulg 10la t,a¨ï .ia
bx.%Sis md,lhka úiska 1834 § j;auka nkaOkd.dr l%uh furgg y÷kajd § t,a,d ueÍfï kS;sh l%shd;aul lsÍug mgka .;a od isg tf;la uff;la b;sydifha tla kvqjla iïnkaOfhka tljr jeäu msßila t,a,d ueÍug kshu jkafka bl=;a 27 fjksodh' ta uOHu m<d;ano uydêlrKfhka" ñksia >d;khlg jrolrejka jQ pQÈ;hka 10 fofkl= t,a,d urkakg kshu lrñks'
tlS ft;sydisl kvq ;Skaÿj m%ldYhg m;a lrkqfha uks,d,a ffjoH;s,l uydêlrK úksiqrejrhdh' tlS kvq ;Skaÿjg mdol jkafka 2004 j¾Ifha wfma%,a 08 fjksod r;af;dg .ïuvqj .ïudkfha ksjdi fm<la wi, fod< mdrla whsfka§ fmd¨ j,ska myr § mqoa.,fhl= >d;kh fldg wfhl=g nrm;< ;=jd, lsÍfï isoaêhls'
>d;khg ,lajkafka Bg hdnoj we;s kd.,j;af;a mÈxÑlrefjl= jk whshdjq uq;=lremka fyj;a iq.=vqh' ;=jd, ,nkafka ud¾uq;a;= ùrisxykah' tlS >d;khg ielmsg r;af;dg fmd,Sish ish úu¾Ykj,ska mqoa.,hka 14 fofkl= w;awvx.=jg f.k kS;sm;s Wmfoia u; kvq mejÍug lghq;= lf<ah' urŒh oKavkh kshujkafka ta whf.ka oi fofkl=gh' ;sfofkla ksoyi ,enqfjdah' kvq úNd.h meje;s ld,h ;=< tla pQÈ;fhla ñh .sfhah' Tyq ;x.hshd fi,a,ïnrïh'
tfia urŒh oKavkh ysñ jQ oi fokdu r;af;dg .ïuvqj .ïudkfhau mÈxÑlrejkah' jeä fofkl= j;= lïlrejkah' fou< cd;slhka fukau isxy, cd;slhkao ta w;r úh' ta whf.ka fofofkl= iq¿ jHdmdßl lghq;= j, ksr;j isá whh' tla wfhl= yuqod fiajfha ksr;j isáfhls' ta ;sfokdu {d;Skah' r;akdhl uqÈhkafia,df.a ;siai nKavdr" r;akdhl uqÈhkafia,df.a úfP– nKavdr" kd.,sx.ï l%sIaK uQ¾;s" f,Épuka úfP–ldka;ka" lremhshd fhdaf.aiajrka" ;x.hshd fi,a,ïnrï" fyajdfmaäf.a rxð;a ðkisß" f,Épuka fhda. rdcd" isjidñ isjd iy rdukdoka wíÿ,a,d hk wh urŒh oKavkhg kshu jQ pQÈ;hka jQ w;r iqmamhshd jäfõ,a fkdfyd;a jdiqKq" iskakhshd l%sIaKka" ikaoyï rdu,sx.ï hk ;sfokd ish¨ fpdaokd j,ska ksfodia fldg ksoyia jQ whh'
fuu >d;khg uq, mqrkqfha ìu;aj .ïudkfha fomsßila w;r jQ .egquls' tod ta .egqfï§ ;%sfrdao r:hlgo myr § ydkslr ;snqfKa ßheÿrego frday,a .; jk ;rfï ;=jd, f.k foñks' myr lEug ,lajk ;%sfrdao r: ßheÿrd by; lS ksjdi fma<sfha jeisfhls' tu myr§u isÿj we;af;a hdnoj we;s kd.,j;a; ,hsfï whf.ka njg fpdaokd t,a, ú‚' Bg m%;sm%ydr wr ksjdi fma<sfha ^tkï ud¿mÜáh ,hsfuka& t,a, lrkafka kd.,j;a; ,hsfï mÈxÑlrefjl= jQ whshdjq uq;=lremkag iy udßuq;a;= ùrmamïg fmd¨ j,ska myr§fuks'
8 fjksod rd;%sfha t,a, l< ta myr §fuka uq;=lremka t;eku ñh .sfhah' udßuq;a;= nrm;< ;=jd, iys;j t;eku ìu jeà isáfhah'
fï .egqu .ek r;af;dg fmd,Sishg f;dr;=re oek.kakg ,efnkafka 09 fjksod WoEikh' ta 7'30 g muK fmd,Sishg ,enqKq ÿrl:k weu;=ulsks' tu weu;=fuka lshefjkafka .ïuvqj .ïudkfha ud¿mÜáh ,hsu wi, fod<mdr;a iu. we;s j;=rmS,a, wi, mqoa., u< isrerla we;s njh' r;af;dg fmd,sia ia:dkfha isg fï lshk biõjg ÿr lsf,da ógr myf<djla oyihla muK fjhs' .ïudkhg hdhq;=j ;snqfKao ÿIalr ud¾.hlsks' .ukg wvqu jYfhka meh fol;=klaj;a jeh l< hq;= úh' tneúka tl, r;af;dg fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;sjrhdj isá fmd,sia mÍlaIl tia'mS' o is,ajd uq,skau fidhd n,kafka f;dr;=re ksjerÈ oehs lshdh' ta tu .ïudkhg lsÜgqj we;s lr.ia;ekak yuqod wkqLKavhg weu;=ula foñks' fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;sjrhd tys hkafka yuqod l|jqfrka ta nj ;yjqre lsÍfuka wk;=rejh'
ta hk lKavdhug Wm fmd,sia mÍlaIl risl iïm;ao ierhka fma%upkaø o tlaj isáhy' ierhka fma%upkaø Wm fmd,sia mÍlaIljrfhl= f,i Wiia ùï ,nd wo jk úg isákafka fmd,sia fiajfhka úY%du f.disks' risl iïm;a oeka fmd,sia mÍlaIljrfhls' .,f.or fmd,Sisfha ia:dkdêm;sjkafka Tyqh' fï ks,OdÍka iu. .ïuvqj .ïudkhg hk úg;a u< isrer fod<mdr wi, ;snqfKah' ;=jd, iys;j udßuq;a;= fõokdfjka fl¢ß.dñka isáfhah' .ïjeishka ta fofokd jglrf.k isá w;r ñh .sh uq;=lremkaf.a ìß| we;=¿ {d;Syq y~d jefgñka isáhy'
fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;s is,ajd tys§ uq,skau lrkafka ;=jd, ,nd isá udßuq;a;=j wdrlaId iys;j frday,a .; lsÍug mshjr .ekSuh' ta Tyq tu >d;kfha m%Odk idlaIslrefjl= jQ neúks' tu myr§u;a ñksia >d;kh;a .ek fmd,sia mÍlaIK l%shd;aul jkafka ta;a iu.sks'
ìu;aj ;%sfrdao r:hg myr §ula >d;khg uq, nj fy<s lr.;a fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;s is,ajd we;=¿ ks,OdÍka t;eka isg Bg j.lsjhq;a;ka fidhd mÍlaIK mgka .;af;ah' Bg wkqj y÷kd.;a iellrejka fofofkl= tÈku w;awvx.=jg .kq ,eìh' fiiq iellrejka le,E mek ieÕjqfKah' ta wh w;r uq;=lremkag myr § urd oeóug kdhl;ajh ÿka nj mejiqKq ðkisßo isáfhah'
yuqod finf<l= jQ Tyqj w;awvx.=jg .ekSug fmd,Sishg yelsjkafka lr.ia;ekak yuqod l|jqf¾ ks,OdÍkaf.a iyh we;sjh' wk;=rej fiiq iellrejkao w;awvx.=jg .ekSug fmd,Sish yuqodj iu. tlaj le,Ej mSrñka fidaÈis fufyhqula Èh;a lf<ah' tys§ ieÕù isá fiiq ish¨u iellrejka fmd,Sishg meñK Ndr ùu úfYaIs;h' ta lsisÿ kS;s{fhl= iy ndysr md¾Yajhl ueÈy;a ùulska f;drjh'
wk;=rej ta ish¨ fokd tu udßuq;a;= >d;kfha iellrejka f,i ud;f,a ufyia;%d;a wêlrKhg bÈßm;a lsÍug mshjr .;a fmd,Sish kS;sm;s Wmfoia u; Tjqkag kvq mjrkq ,eìh' uOHu m<d;ano uydêlrKfhka oi fofkl=g urŒh oKavkh kshu fjkafka ta wkqjh'
nkaOkd.dr flduidßia ckrd,a pkaør;ak m,af,a.u i|yka lrk wdldrhg fuhg fmr jeäu msßilg urŒh oKavkh kshu lr we;af;a 1857 § h' ta lE.,af,a isá wdrÉÑjrfhl= jk cq,shia wmamqydñ urd oeuq pQÈ;hka wg fofkl= t,a,d urñks'
1857 cq,s 12 fjksod tu pQÈ;hka wgfokd t,a,d urkafka lE.,a, k.rfha bÈl< ;djld,sl t,a¨ï.il m%isoaêfhah' 1857;a 2014;a ld,h ;=< ñksia >d;k iïnkaOfhka tljr y;r" miafokd urŒh oKavkhg hg;alr we;;a tljr wg fofkl=g jvd" tl kvqjlg wod<j" urŒh oKavkhg hg;a lr ke;s nj pkaør;ak m,af,a.u i|yka lrhs'
ñkS uereulg 10la t,a¨ï .ia
tlS ft;sydisl kvq ;Skaÿj m%ldYhg m;a lrkqfha uks,d,a ffjoH;s,l uydêlrK úksiqrejrhdh' tlS kvq ;Skaÿjg mdol jkafka 2004 j¾Ifha wfma%,a 08 fjksod r;af;dg .ïuvqj .ïudkfha ksjdi fm<la wi, fod< mdrla whsfka§ fmd¨ j,ska myr § mqoa.,fhl= >d;kh fldg wfhl=g nrm;< ;=jd, lsÍfï isoaêhls'
>d;khg ,lajkafka Bg hdnoj we;s kd.,j;af;a mÈxÑlrefjl= jk whshdjq uq;=lremka fyj;a iq.=vqh' ;=jd, ,nkafka ud¾uq;a;= ùrisxykah' tlS >d;khg ielmsg r;af;dg fmd,Sish ish úu¾Ykj,ska mqoa.,hka 14 fofkl= w;awvx.=jg f.k kS;sm;s Wmfoia u; kvq mejÍug lghq;= lf<ah' urŒh oKavkh kshujkafka ta whf.ka oi fofkl=gh' ;sfofkla ksoyi ,enqfjdah' kvq úNd.h meje;s ld,h ;=< tla pQÈ;fhla ñh .sfhah' Tyq ;x.hshd fi,a,ïnrïh'
tfia urŒh oKavkh ysñ jQ oi fokdu r;af;dg .ïuvqj .ïudkfhau mÈxÑlrejkah' jeä fofkl= j;= lïlrejkah' fou< cd;slhka fukau isxy, cd;slhkao ta w;r úh' ta whf.ka fofofkl= iq¿ jHdmdßl lghq;= j, ksr;j isá whh' tla wfhl= yuqod fiajfha ksr;j isáfhls' ta ;sfokdu {d;Skah' r;akdhl uqÈhkafia,df.a ;siai nKavdr" r;akdhl uqÈhkafia,df.a úfP– nKavdr" kd.,sx.ï l%sIaK uQ¾;s" f,Épuka úfP–ldka;ka" lremhshd fhdaf.aiajrka" ;x.hshd fi,a,ïnrï" fyajdfmaäf.a rxð;a ðkisß" f,Épuka fhda. rdcd" isjidñ isjd iy rdukdoka wíÿ,a,d hk wh urŒh oKavkhg kshu jQ pQÈ;hka jQ w;r iqmamhshd jäfõ,a fkdfyd;a jdiqKq" iskakhshd l%sIaKka" ikaoyï rdu,sx.ï hk ;sfokd ish¨ fpdaokd j,ska ksfodia fldg ksoyia jQ whh'
fuu >d;khg uq, mqrkqfha ìu;aj .ïudkfha fomsßila w;r jQ .egquls' tod ta .egqfï§ ;%sfrdao r:hlgo myr § ydkslr ;snqfKa ßheÿrego frday,a .; jk ;rfï ;=jd, f.k foñks' myr lEug ,lajk ;%sfrdao r: ßheÿrd by; lS ksjdi fma<sfha jeisfhls' tu myr§u isÿj we;af;a hdnoj we;s kd.,j;a; ,hsfï whf.ka njg fpdaokd t,a, ú‚' Bg m%;sm%ydr wr ksjdi fma<sfha ^tkï ud¿mÜáh ,hsfuka& t,a, lrkafka kd.,j;a; ,hsfï mÈxÑlrefjl= jQ whshdjq uq;=lremkag iy udßuq;a;= ùrmamïg fmd¨ j,ska myr§fuks'
8 fjksod rd;%sfha t,a, l< ta myr §fuka uq;=lremka t;eku ñh .sfhah' udßuq;a;= nrm;< ;=jd, iys;j t;eku ìu jeà isáfhah'
fï .egqu .ek r;af;dg fmd,Sishg f;dr;=re oek.kakg ,efnkafka 09 fjksod WoEikh' ta 7'30 g muK fmd,Sishg ,enqKq ÿrl:k weu;=ulsks' tu weu;=fuka lshefjkafka .ïuvqj .ïudkfha ud¿mÜáh ,hsu wi, fod<mdr;a iu. we;s j;=rmS,a, wi, mqoa., u< isrerla we;s njh' r;af;dg fmd,sia ia:dkfha isg fï lshk biõjg ÿr lsf,da ógr myf<djla oyihla muK fjhs' .ïudkhg hdhq;=j ;snqfKao ÿIalr ud¾.hlsks' .ukg wvqu jYfhka meh fol;=klaj;a jeh l< hq;= úh' tneúka tl, r;af;dg fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;sjrhdj isá fmd,sia mÍlaIl tia'mS' o is,ajd uq,skau fidhd n,kafka f;dr;=re ksjerÈ oehs lshdh' ta tu .ïudkhg lsÜgqj we;s lr.ia;ekak yuqod wkqLKavhg weu;=ula foñks' fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;sjrhd tys hkafka yuqod l|jqfrka ta nj ;yjqre lsÍfuka wk;=rejh'
ta hk lKavdhug Wm fmd,sia mÍlaIl risl iïm;ao ierhka fma%upkaø o tlaj isáhy' ierhka fma%upkaø Wm fmd,sia mÍlaIljrfhl= f,i Wiia ùï ,nd wo jk úg isákafka fmd,sia fiajfhka úY%du f.disks' risl iïm;a oeka fmd,sia mÍlaIljrfhls' .,f.or fmd,Sisfha ia:dkdêm;sjkafka Tyqh' fï ks,OdÍka iu. .ïuvqj .ïudkhg hk úg;a u< isrer fod<mdr wi, ;snqfKah' ;=jd, iys;j udßuq;a;= fõokdfjka fl¢ß.dñka isáfhah' .ïjeishka ta fofokd jglrf.k isá w;r ñh .sh uq;=lremkaf.a ìß| we;=¿ {d;Syq y~d jefgñka isáhy'
fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;s is,ajd tys§ uq,skau lrkafka ;=jd, ,nd isá udßuq;a;=j wdrlaId iys;j frday,a .; lsÍug mshjr .ekSuh' ta Tyq tu >d;kfha m%Odk idlaIslrefjl= jQ neúks' tu myr§u;a ñksia >d;kh;a .ek fmd,sia mÍlaIK l%shd;aul jkafka ta;a iu.sks'
ìu;aj ;%sfrdao r:hg myr §ula >d;khg uq, nj fy<s lr.;a fmd,sia ia:dkdêm;s is,ajd we;=¿ ks,OdÍka t;eka isg Bg j.lsjhq;a;ka fidhd mÍlaIK mgka .;af;ah' Bg wkqj y÷kd.;a iellrejka fofofkl= tÈku w;awvx.=jg .kq ,eìh' fiiq iellrejka le,E mek ieÕjqfKah' ta wh w;r uq;=lremkag myr § urd oeóug kdhl;ajh ÿka nj mejiqKq ðkisßo isáfhah'
yuqod finf<l= jQ Tyqj w;awvx.=jg .ekSug fmd,Sishg yelsjkafka lr.ia;ekak yuqod l|jqf¾ ks,OdÍkaf.a iyh we;sjh' wk;=rej fiiq iellrejkao w;awvx.=jg .ekSug fmd,Sish yuqodj iu. tlaj le,Ej mSrñka fidaÈis fufyhqula Èh;a lf<ah' tys§ ieÕù isá fiiq ish¨u iellrejka fmd,Sishg meñK Ndr ùu úfYaIs;h' ta lsisÿ kS;s{fhl= iy ndysr md¾Yajhl ueÈy;a ùulska f;drjh'
wk;=rej ta ish¨ fokd tu udßuq;a;= >d;kfha iellrejka f,i ud;f,a ufyia;%d;a wêlrKhg bÈßm;a lsÍug mshjr .;a fmd,Sish kS;sm;s Wmfoia u; Tjqkag kvq mjrkq ,eìh' uOHu m<d;ano uydêlrKfhka oi fofkl=g urŒh oKavkh kshu fjkafka ta wkqjh'
nkaOkd.dr flduidßia ckrd,a pkaør;ak m,af,a.u i|yka lrk wdldrhg fuhg fmr jeäu msßilg urŒh oKavkh kshu lr we;af;a 1857 § h' ta lE.,af,a isá wdrÉÑjrfhl= jk cq,shia wmamqydñ urd oeuq pQÈ;hka wg fofkl= t,a,d urñks'
1857 cq,s 12 fjksod tu pQÈ;hka wgfokd t,a,d urkafka lE.,a, k.rfha bÈl< ;djld,sl t,a¨ï.il m%isoaêfhah' 1857;a 2014;a ld,h ;=< ñksia >d;k iïnkaOfhka tljr y;r" miafokd urŒh oKavkhg hg;alr we;;a tljr wg fofkl=g jvd" tl kvqjlg wod<j" urŒh oKavkhg hg;a lr ke;s nj pkaør;ak m,af,a.u i|yka lrhs'
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